Journal publications

 

Andela, N., Morton, D. C., Schroeder, W., Chen, Y., Brando, P. M., and Randerson, J. T (2022).
Tracking and classifying Amazon fire events in near real time
Science Advances, 8, eabd2713, https://doi.org/doi:10.1126/sciadv.abd2713.

This publication describes the first version of the GFA-S4F approach. 

 

de Laat, A.T.J., Andela, N., Forkel, M., Huijnen, V., Kinalczyk, D., van Wees, D. (2026).
Sentinel-5p Reveals Unexplained Large Wildfire Carbon Emissions in the Amazon in 2024
Geophysical Research Letters 53, e2025GL115123. https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115123

This publication presents the application of the Sense4Fire approaches in near-real time for the extreme fire season in the Amazon region in 2024. 

 

de Laat, A., Huijnen, V., Andela, N., and Forkel, M. (2024).
Assessment of satellite observation-based wildfire emissions inventories using TROPOMI data and IFS-COMPO model simulations
EGUsphere, 1–81, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-732

This preprint presents the first evaluation of fire emission estimates using the KNMI-S5p approach. 

 

Forkel, M., Wessollek, C., Huijnen, V., Andela, N., de Laat, A., Kinalczyk, D., Marrs, C., van Wees, D., Bastos, A., Ciais, P., Fawcett, D., Kaiser, J.W., Klauberg, C., Kutchartt, E., Leite, R., Li, W., Silva, C., Sitch, S., Goncalves De Souza, J., Zaehle, S., and Plummer, S. (2025).
Burning of woody debris dominates fire emissions in the Amazon and Cerrado.
Nature Geoscience, 18, 140–147, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-024-01637-5

This paper compares the three Sense4Fire approaches (TUD-S4F, GFA-S4F and KNMI-S5p) with other fire emission datasets and focusses specifically on the role of fuels for fire emissions. A full description of the TUD-S4F approach is given in the Methods and Supplementary Information. 

 

Technical documents

 

A series of deliverables such as Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Documents (ATBD), Product Validation Reports (PVR) and Impact Assessment Reports (IAR) have been produced in Sense4Fire and published along with the Databases. In order to keep the list of deliverables concise for the potential user of our data products, we list and publish the documents that relate to a certain version of the database.

The fourth version of the Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document (ATBDv4) provides an updated and complete description of the most recent versions (GFA-S4F-v0.3, TUD-S4F-v0.3, KNMI-S5p-v0.2) of three approaches used in Sense4Fire. The three approaches were previously described in ATBDv2.1 and ATBDv3 (Forkel et al., 2023b, 2024) as well as in the corresponding scientific publications (Andela et al., 2022; Forkel et al., 2025; de Laat et al., 2026). ATBDv4 documents advancements since ATBDv3, reflecting the integration of new Earth observation datasets and methodological developments in the approaches.

Table. Overview about key technical deliverbales in Sense4Fire.

Technical document

Content / Relation to Sense4Fire Database

Date

Link to document

Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document version 4 (ATBDv4) Complete description of all approaches used in Sense4Fire, including all updates for Database version 2 (DBv4) 23.04.2026 ATBDv4
Product Validation Report version 3 (PVRv3) Validation results for products published in Database version 2 (DBv2) 03.05.2024 PVRv3
Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document version 3 (ATBDv3) Update of ATBDv2.1 with description of setups and experiments for all study regions as presented in PVRv3 and for products published in Database version 2 (DBv2) 03.05.2024 ATBDv3
Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document version 2 (ATBDv2.1) Description of all approaches used in Sense4ire 05.05.2023 ATBDv2.1

 

Presentations at conferences and workshops

Date and event Presenter Title and link
23-27 May 2022 | ESA Living Planet Symposium 2022, Bonn, Germany Jos de Laat On the use of daily Sentinel-5p trace gas and aerosol observations for characterising small-scale localised wildfires (Presentation)
Vincent Huijnen Using Sentinel-5p trace gas and aerosol observations of fire plumes to constrain a global composition model: a critical assessment (Poster)
Matthias Forkel Integrating the Sentinels for novel fuel, fire and emissions products to constrain the changing role of vegetation fires in the global carbon cycle (Presentation) (Poster)
Christine Wessollek Estimating vegetation fuel loads for the quantification of fire emissions by integrating various Earth observation data (Poster)
Niels Andela Understanding Earth Systems - Tracking Amazon fires in near-real time (Presentation)
23-28 April 2023 | EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria Matthias Forkel Effects of land use, fuel loads and fuel moisture on fire intensity and fire emissions in South America derived by reconciling bottom-up and top-down satellite observations (Abstract) (Presentation)
Christine Wessollek Estimating biomass compartments and surface fuel loads by integrating various satellite products with a data-model fusion approach (Abstract) (Presentation)
14-19 April 2024 | EGU General Assembly 2024, Vienna, Austria Matthias Forkel Multiple approaches for quantifying fuels, combustion dynamics, and regional fire emissions in the Amazon and Cerrado (Abstract) (Presentation)
Niels Andela New insights on global fire extremes from object-based fire inventories (Abstract) (Presentation)
Dave van Wees Comparison and validation of state-of-the-art fire emissions models for the Amazon (Abstract) (Presentation)
16-18 Sep 2024 | Fire Modelling Workshop; Leverhulme Centre for Wildfire, Science and Society; Dartington Hall, UK Matthias Forkel Vegetation-fire interactions: Role of dead wood
19-20 Sep 2024 | 13th EARSeL Forest Fires Special Interest Group Workshop, Milano, Italy Matthias Forkel Complementary Earth Observation Approaches to Advance Fire Emission Estimation (Book of abstracts)
26-28 Nov 2024 | Future Focus Wildfires. Community forum; EUMETSAT; Darmstadt, Germany Matthias Forkel Sense4Fire – novel fuel, fire and emission products (Presentation)
23-27 Jun 2025 | ESA Living Planet Symposium 2025, Bonn, Germany Matthias Forkel Novel Earth observation data-model fusion approaches reveal dominant role of woody debris in fire emissions in the Amazon and Cerrado
21 Jul 2025 | ESA International Workshop on Fire from Space, Harwell, UK Matthias Forkel Sense4Fire – Sentinel-based fuel, fire and emissions
products to constrain the changing role of vegetation
fires in the global carbon cycle

25-26 Jun 2026 | 14th EARSeL Workshop on Forest Fires, Lisbon, Portugal

Matthias Forkel

Estimating Fuels and Fire Emissions at 20 m Spatial Resolution in African Savannahs using the S4F Satellite Data-Model Fusion Approach

Daniel Kinalczyk

Estimating Fuels and Fire Emissions in Near Real Time (NRT) in African Savannahs

21 Sep 2026 | CBC 2026 Connecting Biodiversity, Climate, and Human Behaviour Conference, Leipzig, Germany

Matthias Forkel

Fire, Fuels, and Feedbacks: Uncovering the Role of Vegetation Structure in Amplifying Climate-Driven Wildfire Emissions